Hunger Thirst Fear Transport Selection Fire Chimney

Purav Patel Eng-101 Novel Evaluation David Goldstein 11/19/2014 â€Å"Hunger—thirst—fear—transport—selection—fire—chimney: these words all have intrinsic meaning, but in those times, they meant something else.† (Wiesel 2006, p.XII). Night is a novel and an autobiography written by Elie Wiesel in 2006. In this book, Wiesel shares his four years of Horrifying experience at the concentration camps. The main purpose of writing this book is to show the audience how exactly the day-to-day life of the Jews were at the concentration camps. Two of the main points of this book are Relation and Faith. Wiesel has a good bond with his father that he doesn’t lose no matter what circumstances they both went under. Through out the entire book, Wiesel shows his faith in god to the audience. There were times where he doubts in god and almost loses faith in him and humanity but then he continues to have faith in him. The author Elie Wiesel is a Noble-prize winner and a teacher born on September 19, 1928 in Sig het, Transylvania. Wiesel wanted to study religion because of his religious background but unfortunately that could not happen because he was sent to the concentration camps at the age of twelve. I chose this book because it was something that I chose it in high school to write a paper on but I could not do it because it did not meet the requirements of the professors of my sophomore and junior year. The Author uses his Point of View, Symbolism and Foreshadowing in this Novel. Night (2006)Show MoreRelatedNight, By Elie Wiesel1372 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"Hunger—thirst—fear—transport—selection—fire—chimney: these words all have intrinsic meaning, but in those times, they meant something else† (Wiesel ix). Years after he was liberated from the concentration camp at Buchenwald, Elie Wiesel wrote Night as a memoir of his life and experiences during the Holocaust, while a prisoner in the Nazi concentration camps at Auschwitz and Buchenwald. Scholars often refer to the Holocaust as the â€Å"anti-world†. This anti-world is an inverted world governedRead MoreFrench Terms for Ib Sl French B8316 Words   |  34 Pagesimpressionnant indicatif sinstaller loyer maigrir marrant mà ©moire minuscule mode demploi modà ©rà © modifier Monsieur / Madame Page 20 of 52 broom to sweep baptism candle to boil to plug in / switch on to burn utility room bonnet / cover fireplace / chimney air-conditioning fence to knock collar to behave guilty to pick / gather to take off old-fashioned to fix / repair to owe absent-minded ladder / scale terrible escalator species to wipe / dry to annoy to get angry to have a lie in zip to trust cableRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesFunction of Emotions 102 †¢ Sources of Emotions and Moods 103 Emotional Labor 108 Affective Events Theory 110 Emotional Intelligence 112 The Case for EI 113 †¢ The Case Against EI 114 †¢ Emotion Regulation 115 OB Applications of Emotions and Moods 115 Selection 116 †¢ Decision Making 116 †¢ Creativity 116 †¢ Motivation 117 †¢ Leadership 117 †¢ Negotiation 117 †¢ Customer Service 118 †¢ Job Attitudes 119 †¢ Deviant Workplace Be haviors 119 †¢ Safety and Injury at Work 119 †¢ How Managers Can Influence Moods 120 SummaryRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 Pagesvery last contact Product †¢ product management †¢ new product development †¢ branding Physical evidence †¢ layout †¢ decor †¢ ease of access The marketing mix Price †¢ pricing †¢ discount structures †¢ terms of business People †¢ employee selection †¢ employee training †¢ employee motivation Promotion †¢ advertising †¢ sales promotion †¢ public relations †¢ personal selling †¢ merchandising †¢ sponsorship Place/distribution †¢ channel management †¢ customer service †¢ physical distribution The four

Health Promotion With Childhood Immunization Essay

South University Online Health Promotion with Childhood Immunization Adherence One of the many health goals for society is to reduce both the prevalence of communicable disease and to decrease the risk of infant and childhood morbidity and mortality. There is an association between appropriate vaccination and improved health outcomes. In 2009, reports indicated 42,000 deaths and 20 million cases of diseases were prevented by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (AICP) recommendations and the Centers for Disease and Prevention Control’s (CDC) immunization schedule (Kurosky, Davis Krishnarajah, 2016). This health promotion project aims to improve parent adherence to immunization requirements in children 3 years and younger in Robeson County, North Carolina (NC). The health promotion initiative will identify key factors and interventional measures for decreasing the presence of communicable diseases and improving parental adherence. Health Promotion Goal Parents are currently delaying or foregoing immunizations secondary to fear, lack of education and access of care leading to the resurgence of communicable diseases. The percentage of children under the age of 3 years in the US that received all doses of combined vaccinations for Hepatitis B, Rotavirus, Diptheria, Tetanus acellular Pertussis (DTaP), Haemophilus influenzae type b4 (Hib), Pneumococcal conjugate, Inactivated poliovirus, Influenza, Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR), Varicella and Hepatitis A is 71.6%Show MoreRelatedThe Development Of The Affordable Care Act762 Words   |  4 Pagesdevelopment of political actions to develop policies to impact the provision of health care was examined through the research of the Affordable Care Act established in 2010 and through the development of MACRA legislation. Together both political changes are working to improve health care and the outcomes of patients. Both are going to work together to ensure Americans receive quality health care and to assist in decreasing health care spending. The Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act (MACRA) wasRead MoreThe Importance Of Vaccine Policy1181 Words   |  5 Pagesparents the right to access vaccine reports that would keep them well informed, and assist them in making safe and appropriate decisions for their child (Texas H.B. 2249, 2017). On the other hand, as parents are opting out of their child receiving immunizations, conflicting values may arise. As vaccine exemption rates are rising, vaccine coverage levels are beginning to decline, putting the community in a predicament. When a high number of people within a population are immunized to a disease, it lessensRead MoreReview of Litrature Essay774 Words   |  4 PagesReview of Literature Charlotte Neal Grand Canyon University Family Centered Health Promotion NRS 429-V Linnette Nolte December 9, 2012 Review of Literature Health promotion could be defined as one promotion of health that incorporates several functions working together to form one main goal. The goal is to promote a state of health that exudes a sense of well being so that in its essence is disease free and mentally stable in order to promote quality of life, healthy developmentRead MoreThe Effects Of Vaccination On Children s Children1725 Words   |  7 Pagesof modern civilization (Harvard Law School, 2007). Childhood deaths from infectious diseases were commonplace less than a generation ago; however they’re now increasingly rare due to vaccines. 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According to 1998 statistics from the Public Health Agency of Canada, â€Å"there were an estimated 21.52 investigations of child maltreatment per 1,000 children in Canada.† Presently, the Canadian government adopts the liberal stance that parenting is primarily a private activity. â€Å"If parenting is a privateRead MoreErik Erikson s Theory Of Psychosocial Development921 Words   |  4 PagesWere these tasks age appropriate? Did you assess any developmental challenges in the client that you interacted with? How were they dealt with (by you and by the health care team)? Answer: Industry vs inferiority, the fourth stage of Erik Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development. This stage occurs during the stage occurs during childhood between the ages of six and eleven. School and social interaction play an important role during this time of a child’s life. Through social interactions, childrenRead MoreVaccines For Children Program Programs1522 Words   |  7 Pageswhat programs are available is critical to increasing the vaccine rates. Over the decades, there have been devastating consequences resulting from preventable communicable diseases as well as programs and strategies to assist in increasing the immunization rates. This paper will explain and critique the program called â€Å"Vaccines For Children†. This paper will also include how I will adapt this program in my future pediatric practice. The history of the Vaccines for Children program was a result ofRead MoreHealth Promotion1089 Words   |  5 PagesHead: Health Promotion Health Promotion October 14, 2011 Health promotion, as defined by Edelman and Mandle, is â€Å"the science and art of helping people change their lifestyle to move toward a state of optimal health†. It is a multifaceted approach to encouraging a lifestyle change among individuals as well as the community. An important aspect of health promotion is health education. One of the main responsibilities of a nurse is to provide health teaching and health promotion

Price Elasticity of Demand in Economy-Free-Samples for Students

Questions: 1.As a producer, why is it important to consider the Price Elasticity of Demand of your Product when setting the price you are going to charge? 2.Explain the difference between Comparative advantage and Absolute advantage. Answers: 1.Price Elasticity of Demand Price elasticity of demand gauges the responsiveness of demand after an alteration in the price. According to the law of demand, a hike in the price of product results in a decline in the quantity purchased. The price elasticity of demand complements this understanding by revealing how much the amount purchased will fall due to a price increase(Frank, 2015). When setting the price of a commodity, the producer has to consider the price elasticity of demand to comprehend the possible effects of the price change. Therefore, lowering or increasing the price will significantly depend on whether the demand for the product is inelastic or elastic. Inelastic Demand If the demand for good or service is price inelastic, then a large shift in the price results in smaller variation in the demand. In the case of such products, the customers are less sensitive to changes in the price. Those commodities that are addictive, essential or lack substitutes are classified under this category. The purchasers will continue to procure relatively the same quantity even if the price changes(Gillespie, 2014). As a result, the producer can maximize the revenue by increasing the price of a product whose demand is price inelastic. On the graph one below, an increase in the price of a product from 10 U.S Dollars to 20 U.S dollars causes a slight fall in quantity purchased, that is, from 10 units to 8 units. In this situation, the producer will earn more revenue at a price of 20 U.S dollars. Graph 1: Inelastic Demand If the demand for a commodity is elastic, then a small change in price causes a bigger deviation in demand. For such goods, the clients are extremely responsive to shifts in the prices. This phenomenon is tied to several reasons. For example, if the consumers can easily find a substitute then they will have small tolerance for price increment. Furthermore, if the good or service is not essential, then the users will be highly responsive to price fluctuations(McTaggart, Findlay, Parkin, 2015). Therefore, a producer can increase the revenue for such product by reducing the price. On the graph two below, if the producer decreases the price from 13 to 8 U.S Dollars, the quantity demanded will increase from 4 to 12 units. Therefore, at a price of 8, the business will generate more revenue. Graph 2: Elastic Demand 2.Comparative Advantage and Absolute Advantage Comparative advantage denotes the capacity of the country to produce certain product at lower opportunity cost in comparison to another country. The opportunity cost of generating a particular commodity is comparable to the potential advantage that could have been attained by selecting an alternative. If a countrys opportunity cost of manufacturing a product is lower compared to another nations opportunity cost of generating similar item using the same resources, then the country is said to have a comparative advantage(Krugman, Obstfeld, Melitz, 2015). As a result, trading is mutually advantageous for countries. On the contrary, absolute advantage denotes a scenario where a country can manufacture goods and services at a reduced cost per unit than another country. Apart from high efficiencies, absolute advantage can also arise from countrys natural endowment(Sloman, Wride, Garratt, 2015). For example, consider two countries, Saudi Arabia and Nigeria. Mining oil in Saudi Arabia involves much simpler processes like drilling a hole. However, in Nigeria, substantial exploration and expensive technologies are needed for drilling and extraction. In this scenario, Saudi Arabias absolute advantage is caused by natural endowment. Bibliography Frank, R. H. (2015). Microeconomics and behavior. New York, NY : McGraw-Hill Education. Gillespie, A. (2014). Foundations of economics. Oxford : Oxford Univ. Press. Krugman, P. R., Obstfeld, M., Melitz, M. J. (2015). International economics: Theory and policy. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. McTaggart, D., Findlay, C. C., Parkin, M. (2015). Economics. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W: Pearson. Sloman, J., Wride, A., Garratt, D. (2015). Economics (9th ed.). Harlow : Pearson

Kuwait Oil Fields Reconstruction Projects Construction Essay Example For Students

Kuwait Oil Fields Reconstruction Projects Construction Essay During the Gulf war, Kuwait was invaded by Iraq and by the terminal of it about all of oil production installations of Kuwait had suffered extended harm and had become defunct. Even after their Liberation in Feb, 1991 a big figure of oil Wellss were on fire. To reconstruct the state s major beginning of income of the state a undertaking was taken to retrace these oil Fieldss. This was the Kuwait oilfields Reconstruction undertaking. Bechtel International was the undertaking direction house given the contract to pull off this Reconstruction undertaking by the Kuwait Oil Company. Work of planning of the undertaking had started in November 1990 within three months of the start of the Iraqi Invasion, in the offices of Bechtel in London. Planning and forming activities were being done in the offices in London, Houston, San Francisco, Dubai and Riyadh even when the war was still on. Since the war was still on, there was small cognition of the entire extent of the harm to the oilfields and how much work was to be done. However those amendss that were identified boulder clay so were taken into consideration and front-end planning and procurance for the same had been started. During the terminal of the war, the withdrawing Iraqi military personnels had set the oilfields on fire. Therefore to go on with the undertaking first it was necessary to convey these fires under control. The forces of Bechtel arrived in Kuwait 4 yearss after a complete expanse of the City was done by the allied military personnels. The chief nonsubjective so of these forces was to form and pull off the firefighting attempts. This was names project Al- Awada ( Arabic for return ) . The vivid scenes shown by the newspaper, magazine, and telecasting studies came alive for Bechtel undertaking forces. The yearss were dark with fume from the fires barricading the Sun, oil droplets filled the air, clean H2O and healthful systems were non working, power workss were down, transit was minimum as tyres were a cherished trade good, and nutrient was really scarce. Initial adjustment was in refurbished ship quarters and in some vandalized flat composites without H2O and electricity, no more than a foam mattress on the floor, and a long hiking up a darkened stairway. In add-on to these jobs, dumbbell traps, land and H2O mines, undischarged shells and projectiles, and other munition had littered the state. The temperatures in summer systematically were above 50 IÂ ¦ C in shadiness ( rarely below 37 IÂ ¦ C at dark ) , exposing the people in the field to temperatures of 55-58 IÂ ¦ C in many locations, and hotter nearer to the fires. Merely supplying imbibing H2O was a major project. John Oakland, senior frailty president of Bechtel Corporation, who served as the director of undertakings in Kuwait, remarked, This run, which was good covered by the international intelligence media, was one of the most complex technology and building attempts in history. However, the undermentioned assignment, which was the Reconstruction of the Kuwait oil Fieldss, was an even bigger and more ambitious undertaking. The undertaking of the Reconstruction of the oil Fieldss, which was named Al-Tameer ( Arabic for rebuild ) , will be discussed in this study. Outline1 Status of the Facilities2 Undertaking Al-Tameer3 Figure: Al Tameer Organization4 Execution Phase5 Detail Engineering6 Procurement7 Material Management8 Warehousing Management9 Contract Management10 Construction Management11 Drumhead12 Key Milestones13 Operation Phase14 Accomplishments Status of the Facilities The province of the two million barrels per twenty-four hours oil export industry in Kuwait after the completion of the fire-fighting attempt was as follows: 647 Wellss had burned in entire, 751 Wellss were damaged. Twenty-six oil assemblage, separation, and production centres were damaged or wholly destroyed. One Marine export installation and its related individual point moorage was wholly destroyed, and the 2nd Marine export installation was partly damaged and out of committee. The equivalent of 10 million barrels of petroleum oil storage tankage had been destroyed. The Shuaiba refinery was wholly destroyed. A petroleum unit in the Mina Al Ahrnadi Refinery was wholly destroyed. The remainder of the refinery was partly damaged and the refinery was out of committee. The Mina Abdullah Refinery was partly damaged and the units were non operable. All communicating towers and webs were destroyed. Most of the working population had either fled or were in concealment. Undertaking Al-Tameer After the successful completion of the fire-fighting attempt, KOC invited Bechtel to show its program for the Reconstruction of the oil Fieldss production and exporting installations damaged during the war, get downing work by November 1990. KOC s end was to be able to bring forth 2 million bpd of oil by September 1992. Planing and Organizing Phase The planning and forming attempt for the Al-Tameer undertaking started with the Bechtel squad that was already on-site as portion of the Al-Awada undertaking fire-fighting attempt. An organisation wholly different from the Al-Awada undertaking was required to scope, estimation, program, execute, and bend over operational installations to KOC. This organisation had to be self-sufficing and be able to to the full back up and serve a monolithic work force of more than 16,000 people. The chief organisation was divided into five chief maps. One was to back up KOC s future five-year budget planning with designation, scoping, and be aftering future undertakings. This was named KOC Major Projects Group. The other four groups consisted of: director Al-Tameer undertakings, responsible for all planning and undertaking direction, every bit good as technology and procurance director coordination, responsible for scheduling, cost control, gauging, undertaking coverage, public and community dealingss, and other relevant maps director services, responsible for supplying all the needed support services for the undertaking squad including explosive and ordnance destruction group director operation, responsible for field executing of all the defined work. A harm appraisal and scoping squad consisting of applied scientists, contrivers, and calculators walked every pes of the oil Fieldss production and exporting installations fixing a range of work, cost estimation, a program and agenda of work for each installation. The planning was based on a dorsum to look scheduling specifying the day of the months and production ends foremost, working backward to see when the boring attempt and installations Reconstruction work had to get down to run into this end. This attack besides determined the needed work force and helped with direct hire and subcontracting programs. The overall program defined the sequence of the work and prioritized the resources to do certain installations with least harm were first precedence for completion. The maestro agenda was developed based on nine subproject organisation work dislocation constructions ( WBS ) Genius of Andy Warhol EssayConstruction attempts were divided between direct hire building and subcontracted work. The entire range of work was divided into nine building countries, each managed by a field overseer. Each overseer was responsible for both direct hire executing every bit good as field disposal of the subcontractor s range of work within his country. Construction overseers were supported by the cardinal building group that was the functional group back uping a undertaking matrix squad. Prioritization of resources and building equipment was one of the major maps of the cardinal building squad. Field building squads were comprised of transnational forces ( from 36 states ) with wholly different civilizations, linguistic communications, and public presentation capablenesss. Catering and other cultural demands had to be addressed to guarantee each group could execute its map satisfactorily. Each undertaking had to be seamster made to accommodate the squad available. It was of import that planning of the work force and resources take into consideration handiness of the right chief and support group to be able to pass on and execute work with each squad. Drumhead Approximately 1,000,000 hours in the regional offices and 4,000,000 hours in Kuwait were spent for undertaking management/engineering/construction direction during the first two stages of this undertaking. Field labour hours were 50,000,000. These undertaking man-hours were spent within the undermentioned undertaking agenda mileposts: start of be aftering November 1990 start execution in Kuwait March 199 1 undertaking completion June 1993. The beginnings of the undertaking forces were assorted. A sum of 16,000 workers from 36 states on five continents were involved in this monolithic attempt. The states that participated in the supply of work force to this Reconstruction included Kuwait, the United States, Great Britain, Canada, France, Australia, Belgium, Holland, Germany, Ireland, New Zealand, Mexico, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Iran, Lebanon, Bahrain, Yugoslavia, Colombia, Indonesia, Nigeria, Bangladesh, Brazil, Afghanistan, the Philippines, India, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Somalia, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Tunisia, Pakistan, Trinidad, and Sierra Leone. Key Milestones Some of the more noteworthy mileposts in the plan were: The last fire was extinguished and the well was capped on November 6, 199 1, eight months after the reaching of the first Bechtel squad on-site. The first postwar oil was pumped from two of the original assemblage centres on May 26, 199 1. By December 1991, more than 400,000 barrels of oil per twenty-four hours were being produced from the rehabilitated installations. By April 1993, more than 11,000,000 barrels of weather-beaten petroleum had been reclaimed from oil cavities and lakes, and processed through the field intervention centres and the refinery. By the terminal of June 1993, 18 of the original centres were back in operation, with all the production ends achieved as scheduled. Operation Phase Accomplishments The work was conducted in 55 locations that included Fieldss in the North of Kuwait on the boundary line with Iraq, West and South of Kuwait on the boundary lines with Saudi Arabia and Iraq, and in the refineries and lading installations along the seashore and offshore. Five hundred square stat mis of land were swept and cleared of undischarged munition. More than 23,000 pieces of explosive devices were destroyed by explosive munition disposal squads. Although all work countries were swept, the hazard from undetectable munition was of all time present and some human deaths did occur. More than 26,000 purchase orders and 300 major building contracts and 650 equipment rental understandings were awarded during Phases I and I1 of the undertaking. ( A more normal undertaking performed over the same clip frame may hold 4,000 to 6,000 purchase orders. ) A complete communicating system dedicated to the oil industry was installed that included 23 orbiter telephone systems, 4,500 telephones, and 2,000 portable wirelesss. A twenty-four-hour wellness attention and safety plan was established that included two chopper medical evacuation squads, a forty-bed infirmary, a dental clinic, and a squad of about 100 professional medical forces on responsibility at seven medical Stationss. More than 5,800 pieces of field runing equipment runing from the larger bulldozers, Cranes, trucks, front-end stevedores, and heavy industrial equipment to ambulances, pickup trucks, autos, coachs, and other support vehicles were shipped to the occupation sites. These pieces of equipment were purchased from 12 different states. A sum of 742 aircraft and sea-going vass were deployed to transport more than 520,000 dozenss of equipment and stuff to Kuwait in support of this undertaking. Six full-service dining halls with providing support staff provided about 3,500,000 repasts for the workers during the fire-fighting run and 10,000,000 repasts during the Reconstruction stage. Menus were established to provide to the different cultural backgrounds. Commissariats and lodging for 12,000 manual and 2,000 non-manual Bechtel employees were provided. All of the members of project direction and their support squads, over 200 design and technology forces and about 200 procurance, disposal and subcontracts direction squads, were resident in Kuwait. Construction of a figure of lasting offices, workshops, warehouses, care stores, and lodging composites for KOC was completed at the same clip. Fire-fighting attempts originally involved the four major international squads of Boots A ; Coots, Red Adair, Safety Boss, and Wild Well Control. They were subsequently joined by an extra 23 squads from Kuwait, Iran, China, Hungary, Great Britain, France, Canada, Romania, and Russia. Four hundred kilometres of H2O and oil grapevines were installed during fire-fighting attempts. Water lines and pumping Stationss could present 25,000,000 gallons a twenty-four hours to fire sites. Each of 360 lagunas was excavated, lined, and filled with 1,000,000 gallons of H2O for usage in fire-fighting. Boring tablets and entree roads were constructed for 700 new and work over Wellss. Three-thousand kilometres of new flow lines were constructed. One-thousand kilometres of new and refurbished grapevines were installed. Fifteen petroleum assemblage centres, including a wholly new and modularized early production installation, were assessed, designed, and constructed. Three gas supporter Stationss were constructed Restoration and Reconstruction of the Marine burden terminuss, offshore terminuss, and SPM were completed. Construction of more than 10,000,000 barrels of new rough oil storage tankage was managed. Restoration of operating expense and belowground electrical power transmittal and distribution system and cathodic protection system within the oil Fieldss was completed. Construction A ; fix and operation of H2O systems ( fresh, brackish, and salt H2O ) were completed. Construction and operation of oil recovery systems and installations that collected and treated more than 25,000,000 barrels of weather-beaten petroleum were completed.

Project Team Acquisition free essay sample

Keeping together is progress, Working together is success. Henry Ford This is one of the eight executing processes in Project Management which falls under the Human Resource knowledge area. The objective of this process is to confirm the availability of human resources and obtain the required team members needed for the execution of a project. The roles, responsibilities and duration the team members are required for are outlined and regularly updated in the Human Resource Plan which is a part of the Project Management Plan. A team can be defined as a collection of interdependent individuals who work together, are committed to a common goal and share responsibility for specific outcomes for which they are mutually accountable. Teamwork divides the task and doubles the success† – Unknown. Teams are a great way to make the most of employee talents and because they can be assembled, organized and dispersed, they are more flexible and reactive to changing events than the conventional departments or other forms of permanent groupings. We will write a custom essay sample on Project Team Acquisition or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This document contains all the necessary actions for defining, preparing, integrating, executing, monitoring, controlling and closing the project. [4] An important section of this document is the Human Resource plan which contains the staffing management plan. The staffing management plan provides details of how the project team members will be acquired and dispersed based on the conditions of the project. [4] For example, a project may require an instrumentation engineer in the fourth phase of the project. The project manager may be required to present a job description of what the instrumentation engineer will be responsible for, the duration and work schedule, after which the human resource department or other functional managers would have to approve the request. Based on the staffing management plan which is regularly updated during and beyond the project duration, the human resource requirements, timing and process for staffing can be determined. Thus, making it a vital input for the â€Å"Acquire Project Team† execution process. This plan also affects several aspects such as the budget, schedule, quality, risks of the project. . Enterprise environmental factors: these are related to the internal or external environment of the performing organization and are very important factors which can alter the project management options which in turn, impact the success of the project positively or negatively. These Enterprise Environment Factors include all policies, cultural practices, procedures, communication channels, infrastructure, staffing guidelines, quality standards, risk tolerances of the project stakeholders, market standards and conditions relevant to the project, government tandards, codes of conduct, legislation, skills and expertise of currently available human resources, work authorization systems, political climate within and outside of the organization. [6] 3. Organizational process assets: these assets include all past documents, historical data and information, formal or informal plans, guidelines, work breakdown structure templates, contracts, registers, assessment tools, organizational standard policies, processes and procedures, lessons learnt, earned values, estimations, risks, proposal evaluation criteria, etc. Having records of all these contribute to the success of subsequent projects. For example, if an organization wants to embark on a project, by simply modifying the template of a project management plan for the same or similar kind of project that has been done in the past, time, cost and errors are minimized, thus, a more successful project. Therefore, it is the responsibility of the project manager or project management team to search through the records of the organization for such historical information and collect all the necessary and relevant documentations before executing a project. It also is their responsibility to update the organizational process assets throughout the life cycle of the project. â€Å"Today’s project would be tomorrow’s history†. [6] In the case of an entirely new project of which the organization has no record, information regarding similar projects has to be gotten from other external sources. The lessons learned from the previous projects executed by an organization and the corresponding historical information usually constitute the organization’s knowledge base. [6] These enable more efficient planning and execution of future project. 1. 2. Acquire Project Team: Tools and Techniques 1. Pre-assignment: Assigning individuals to a project before it has commenced is called â€Å"Pre-assignment†. Some reasons why some project team members are often pre-assigned to projects include: the availability of the individual for the project duration the individual being promised to be part of a competitive contract because he/she possesses specialized skills or knowledge related to the project [3] it is entailed as a part of the project charter of an internal project[3] an opportunity for the individual to complete on-the-job training. Negotiation: This is used to obtain the best individuals for a project. Teams can be put together in various ways. In many organizations, they are formed at the discretion of a senior member of staff or the human resource department of the organization. [5] As the personnel in charge of, and understanding the requirements of a project, the project manager or project management team have to negotiate with the human resource department, functional managers or whoever is in the position to select members of the team, specifying the type of team required and the characteristics of the individuals that would be needed to create such a team. An unguided choice and mix of team members could reduce the overall efficiency and effectiveness of the team which would in turn, adversely affect the project. It is not uncommon for Project managers to negotiate with other project managers to share the required human resources among projects, but in such agreements, the schedules of the concerned individuals have to be properly structured to ensure that the on-going projects are completed successfully and within the allocated time. 3] 3. Acquisition: This is used to obtain individuals from outside the organization [3]. The policies and procedures of the performing organization must be taken into consideration. â€Å"It is a fact that in the right formation, the lifting power of many wings can achieve twice the distance of any bird flying alone† – Milton Olson It is very important for project teams to have the right blend of skills, expertise, abilities and personality types. 5] Based on the human resource plan, available funds and other factors, the sources of the individuals can be determined, whether to be hired from external sources, transferred in from other departments within the organization, hired as subcontractors on a contract basis, on a part-time or full-time basis or on a virtual platform. Unfortunately, the politics of an organization usually come into play with staff acquisitions. For example, in exchange for the most valuable personnel, functional managers may request for various â€Å"favors† from project managers. The following reasons may give the project manager no other option but to procure the project team or individuals to complete the project work: -The internal human resources of the organization lack the required skills or expertise to complete the project work. Training costs and duration are also not feasible. It is more cost effective to procure the project. -The required/proposed project team members within the organization would not be available for the project or have various on-going assignments and projects. 3] Team composition The following should be taken into consideration when obtaining individuals to make up a team: -Skills and experience: knowledge, proficiency, technical expertise, problem-solving, interpersonal and decision-making skills amongst several skills. The right mix of skills is crucial. One or more members could learn complementary skills in which the team is deficient. [3] -Personality: preferences and personalities e. g. open individuals communicate better thus, a more creative and innovative team. 1] -Roles: Selection so as to fill the various roles broadly categorized as: the task-oriented roles and the maintenance roles. The task-oriented as the name suggests, ensures that the tasks of group members are accomplished, while the maintenance roles ensure the group members maintain good relations. A balance of this two is important for team effectiveness. Some members of the team can play multiple roles. Thus, the importance to select members who value flexibility, who can then be cross-trained so as to do one another’s jobs. [1] -Diversity: A heterogeneous mix of individuals. Different functional, demographic or cultural characteristics (jobs, positions, work experiences, age, race, sex, citizenship). [1] -Size: the required number of individuals needed per team or per project. Interest level: the potential team members’ interest in working on the project. [3] Availability: certainty of the availability of the potential team member for the duration of the project. [3] 4. Virtual teams: used where the team is to spend little or no time face-to-face with each other. This team is unrestricted by geographical location, disabilities, mobility constraints nd expenses, thus, also saves cost and time. Members of such a team telecommunicate in order to achieve a common goal. The geographical locations could be as far apart as across continents, or within the same state and in some cases, within the same building. Online communication links such as wide-area networks, video/audio conferencing and emails are used. [4] An example of a virtual team is a softw are development team consisting of a project manager, business analyst, software architect, designer, software developers and software testers. The software architect, designer and developers may come up with different models or designs, exchange them via electronic mail, and upon completion of different phases send to the software testers who in turn go through them, test, troubleshoot or debug, then send them back to the developers with appraisals, suggestions or recommendations. The final product could also be electronically delivered to the client while they also receive payment electronically. Thus, in some cases, the company might not require a physical office yet still get many contracts and have them perfectly executed. Though virtual teams have many advantages, a few of its disadvantages include: †¢Possibility of a lack of teamwork spirit. †¢Possibility of less productivity as compared to physical teams. Thus, members of this team require a high level of self-discipline. 1. 2. 3Acquire Project Team: Outputs 1. Project Staff Assignments: The roles and responsibilities are assigned to each of the team members. Following the staffing of the required human resources and team formation, the directory, roles and responsibilities of each team member are updated into the project management plan. Resource Calendars: taking into consideration, the time schedule (availability and conflict) of each team member, a master schedule/ documentation of the available time periods each member of the team can put into the project can be created. 3. Project Management Plan Updates: the process of project team acquisition eventually leads to an updating of the project management plan, as the new development and information gathered requires documentation.

Legal aspects of Health Care

Legal aspects of Health Care Free Online Research Papers Running Head: LAW AND LEGAL PROCESS Legal Aspects of Health Care Abstract This paper will discuss specific issues related to California legal statutes and medical treatment. It will address the legality of a foreign educated doctor advertising abortion services in the state, the length of time a respondent has to answer a lawsuit, and any advance notice the plaintiff must give the respondent. I will close by covering subpoenas and a person’s obligation in responding to a subpoena. DR. SAUNDERS In the 1973 Roe vs. Wade decision, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that a woman has a constitutional right to choose abortion prior to a fetus being viable. However, according to the Business and Professions Code, Section 601, Dr. Sanders is not allowed to advertise for abortion services or any related services. By simply advertising for the services she wished to perform, Dr. Sanders committed a felony. Dr. Sanders has 30 days from the date the summons is served to enter a written pleading in response to the complaint. If no response has been given within the 30 days, the court will make a decision on the case without your input. A respondent is also advised to contact an attorney as quickly as possible in order to file the pleading within the 30 day window. Code of Civil Procedure, Section 412.10-412.30, specifically states that if the defendant fails to respond within the 30 day period, the plaintiff may demand any relief he feels just and right. Joan’s attorney must give Dr. Sanders at least 90 days prior notice of the intention to commence the action according to the Code of Civil Procedure, Section 364-365. Although failure to comply with the required time limits set forth by the code will not be grounds for dismissal of the case, any attorney that fails to comply with the provisions may be subject to disciplinary action by the State Bar of California. Assuming that Joan is claiming professional negligence against Dr. Sanders, the lawsuit may not fall into the scope of services for which the provider is licensed. California does not recognize abortion as legal, so there may potentially be an issue with the lawsuit depending on how it is presented before the court. A subpoena is the process by which the attendance of a witness is required by law according to the Code of Civil Procedure, Section 1985-1997. A subpoena requires the person to appear before the court at an appointed time and date with all required knowledge, books, papers or anything else listed in the document. If you are required to travel in order to fulfill your duties, you may request to be reimbursed for your travel fees. Sufficient time must be given in order to secure all the necessary travel and lodging arrangements, if required. Your obligations to the subpoena include: obeying the order of the subpoena, swearing in before the issuing court, answering as a witness, and to subscribe an affidavit or deposition when required. Failure to perform any of these actions may be punished as a contempt of court by the issuing court. If you fail to appear for the subpoena, you will be fined a sum of $500 and all damages sustained pursuant to your failure to appear. These damages may be recovered in a civil court. California law clearly states that a licensed medical doctor may not advertise for abortions. Dr. Sanders should have researched the legality of hanging her shingle out before opening her clinic. Since laws vary from state to state, it does not matter that her classmate’s clinic is successful in another state, California law prevails in this particular case. Dr. Sanders should have been given the full 90 days to respond to Joan’s attorney. Although this will not cause any problems with the lawsuit, it does show lack of professional consideration on the part of Joan’s attorney. The bottom line is that a patient went to a clinic that should not have been performing the medical procedure it was performing and got injured. It will be up to the courts to decide whether or not the patient has any culpability in the injury or if it was entirely the doctor’s fault. Research Papers on Legal aspects of Health CarePersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyThe Project Managment Office SystemPETSTEL analysis of IndiaCapital PunishmentThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesQuebec and CanadaIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaStandardized Testing

Depression Article Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Depression Review - Article Example This study wanted to provide the relationship between functional social support (FSS) and psychological capital (PC), with anxiety and stress symptoms among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). The study says that it is very beneficial to employ PLWHA since through employment they get salary and wages that they use to improve the quality of their life, they become happier and they can go to hospital to be treated whenever they feel sick. For those who are not employed and are living with HIV/AIDS, they cannot have a quality life, they cannot be happy and they lack the money to use for treatment whenever they are sick. Even though benefits that are gained from the employment of PLWHA, there a lot of unemployment cases in the world. The main reason for this is psychological distress, mental, physical and other factors of social life and population (Liu et al., 326). When we talk of spiritual capital (PC), we just mean such things like efficacy, believing in a positive future and resilience that are beneficial in praising the performance of workers and congratulating them. We also considering whether or not they are getting satisfied at their place of work. In this article, the researcher conducted a cross-section survey in Liaoning Province which has a population of 43 million people between the month of December in the year 2010 and the month of April in the year 2011. In this sample, there were 360 persons living with HIV/AIDS and were fully employed, between 18 and 16 years of age. The two strategies that could help in gathering data were giving out questionnaires to the sample and the application of informed consent. After distributing out the questionnaire, 320 were fully filled, and they were analyzed and later results were released. In the process of conducting analysis, those concepts and methods that were used are Pearson’s correlation,

Business Financing and the Capital Structure Assignment

Business Financing and the Capital Structure - Assignment Example The total cost of each resource has to be determined and summarized. On the basis of the summarized reports of cost of resources, a budget will be prepared by the finance and accounts department which would help the organization to determine next course of action (Summers, 2011, pp.2-11). Working Capital Management Proper working capital management is necessary to carry out day to day business operations. It is defined as the difference between current assets and liabilities. Thus, the objective of working capital management is to maintain a balance between current assets and liabilities. Positive difference or surplus funds can be used to make planned expenses such as payment of short term obligations and salaries. The working capital is negative or deficit when the current liabilities exceed current assets that would require the firms to borrow short term funds in order to manage the deficit (Ganesan, 2007, pp.1-2). When the working capital is positive, the firm would have surplus short term funds which can be invested in the money market instruments. The maturity of money market instruments are less than one year and hence investment in money market is less risky. This is because, the status of any business can be more or less accurately predicted in short term whereas the same becomes uncertain as the maturity increases due to increased chances of borrower to default. Some important money market financial instruments are discussed as follows: Commercial papers (CP) – They are issues by highly rated corporate entities and classified as short term unsecured promissory notes issued at discount and redeemed at face value. Certificate of Deposit (CD) – It is similar to ordinary time deposit differing only in maturity period and interest rates. They are issued by banks and the interest rates are generally higher than savings deposit rates. Municipal notes – Short term financial security issued by municipality in expectation of tax receipts as revenues. Treasury bills – They are debt instruments issued by the government whose maturity ranges from 3 to 12 months. Repurchase agreements – they are short term loans that are arranged by an investor to whom securities would be sold with an agreement to repurchase them back on a future date at pre-determined fixed rate. Thus, a corporate organization may park their excess generated from efficient working capital management in above discussed financial instruments that are liquid and used as marketable securities. Financial Instruments of Securities Market Every organization invests capital in business to finance its operations and generates goods and services to meet demands and earn profit. As the business expands its operations more funds are required to carry out business objectives. The financial sources may be broadly classified into equity and debt. Funds can be raised from these sources in the financial securities market. The securities market may be furthe r divided into primary or secondary securities market. In the primary securities market only those securities are issued that are participating in securities market for first time and the process is known as IPO (Initial Public offering). The secondary market is a place for traders who buy or sell differ securities.

Corporate Strategy - Analysis of Michael Porter Essay

Corporate Strategy - Analysis of Michael Porter - Essay Example Companies were not willing to take risks and venture into path that was not trodden earlier by some one else. In the information technology sector, imitation became inevitable as emerging economies allowed inwards flow of FDI. When multinationals started expanding to low cost countries they had to enter in joint venture with a local partner, which means they had to transfer technology. When firms entered India, they had to opt for joint ventures. While older technologies are transferred through licensing agreement, new technologies or those with fewer previous transfers or where the transferors have little experience with technology transfers opt for FDI (Eapen & Hennart, 2002). Porter further says, in high-tech industries this imitation phase often continues much longer than it should. This is because once the companies become established they do not plan for anything new and do not have any clear strategic. Stagnation occurs, which results in mediocre returns. Companies that come out with fundamental advantages prosper such as Toyota in the automobile sector. The Big Three in the US automotive industry namely, Ford Motor Company (Ford), General Motors Corporation (GM) and DaimlerChrysler (DC) played a prominent role in the evolution of the automotive industry till the 1990s. The industry adopted the lean production technique from Japan in the 1990s. The auto industry is the most globalized in the world and has undergone turbulent changes. The industry has been facing issues such as facing issues such as slow time to market, costly inventories, overcapacity, and low customer satisfaction and loyalty (Deloitte, 2003). The Big Three did not take initiatives to bring about fundamental changes as technology evolved. This allowed others such as Toyota and Hyundai to dominate the world market. Today Toyota is America’s third most admired organization and enjoy a 17.4 percent share of the US retail market (SD, 2007). Toyota has

The Childcare Act 2006 in Early Years Education

The Childcare Act 2006 in Early Years Education Unit 3: Building Positive Relationships Every child deserves a good start in life and support to fulfil their potential. Children develop quickly in the early years. A secure, safe and happy childhood is important in its own right. High quality early and pre-school learning, together, provide the foundation children need to make the most of their abilities and talents as they grow up. Childminders and childcare providers registered on the Early Years Register must meet the legal requirements set out in the Childcare Act 2006 and associated regulations in order to remain registered. The Childcare Act 2006 provides for the Early Years Foundation Stage Learning and development requirements to comprise 3 elements: The early learning goals. The educational programmes the matters, skills and processes which are required to be taught to young children. The assessment arrangements for assessing young children to ascertain their achievements. The requirements laid down must be delivered by the child care provider with no exceptions. Document published by the Department for Education on 27 March 20012 states that â€Å"there are seven areas of learning and development that must shape educational programmes in early years settings†. Personal, social and emotional development involves helping children to develop a positive sense of themselves, and others; to form positive relationships and develop respect for others; to develop social skills and learn how to manage their feelings; to understand appropriate behaviour in groups; and to have confidence in their own abilities. Physical development involves providing opportunities for young children to be active and interactive, and to develop their coordination, control, and movement. Children must also be helped to understand the importance of physical activity, and to make healthy choices in relation to food. Communication and language development involves giving children opportunities to speak and listen in a range of situations and to develop their confidence and skills in expressing themselves. Literacy development involves encouraging children to read and write, both through listening to others reading, and being encouraged to begin to read and write themselves. Children must be given access to a wide range of reading materials – books, poems, and other written materials, to ignite their interest. Mathematics involves providing children with opportunities to practise and improve their skills in counting numbers, calculating simple addition and subtraction problems, and to describe shapes, spaces, and measures. Understanding the world involves guiding children to make sense of their physical world and their community through opportunities to explore, observe and find out about people, places, technology and the environment. Expressive arts and design involves supporting children to explore and play with a wide range of media and materials, as well as providing opportunities and encouragement for sharing their thoughts, ideas and feelings through a variety of activities in art, music, movement, dance, role-play, and design and technology. Parents and carers play an important role in assisting children to build self-respect, and then through the childs personal understanding of that experience develop the values and skills needed to express respect to others. This interactional process becomes a continuous cycle, as children with strong self-respect engage in constructive positive behaviours towards themselves and others, attracting praise and reinforcement, thus building further self-respect and further facilitating the capacity to demonstrate respect for others. Of course the counter to that occurs when a child experiences continuous disrespect, fails to build healthy self-respect, and then responds to those destructive and negative feelings by treating others in similarly disrespectful ways. It is important that children learn about other people’s feelings and that we show them how we behave in society and to except all walks of life. We could help them to do this by having resources that show the different types of people. For example wheelchair users, people who are hard of hearing and other disabilities etc. You could also celebrate festivals from different cultures or religion. It is good to read the children stories about friendships and display posters that shoe diversity. Showing a child praise when they behave in a socially acceptable manner will give them more confidence and make them feel respected themselves. Introducing a child to their own culture, traditions, and heritage helps the child valuing themselves and then others. Researchers (for example, Brown, 2008; Hughes et al., 2006) consistently find that young people from minority groups have better life outcomes when they develop a sense of pride in their own heritage and culture. As parents, we can cultivate this strength by helping our children participate in meaningful activities and rituals, spend time with others who share their culture or tradition, or use their native or first language. It also comes from having positive messages and role models in the media and culture that reinforce the value of one’s heritage, culture, and identity. If I was caring for a group of children from diverse cultural or ethnic backgrounds I would encourage them to explore their heritage and make it an educational project for the whole group. By making the approach inclusive rather than exclusive it would foster a greater understanding of cultural differences and backgrounds amongst all the children. For example: each week could be devoted to an individual child’s particular background with that child encouraged to explore and learn about their culture (traditions, religion, celebrations, food, history) – the depth of research being determined by the child’s age. The child could make a presentation to the group and be encouraged to find photos and other items to help present their culture. The child could possibly be encouraged to bring a family member with them to help with their presentation (if possible). The other children in the group would engage with the activity by making their own posters, drawings and deco rations with the theme of the culture being presented. This activity would carry on for several weeks depending on the size of the group. As an alternative, if the group was not primarily multi-cultural the above plan could still be used with a cultural theme being decided on in advance and the children being encouraged to learn about the culture and share their findings with the group. Consistency in parenthood and for children is having the rules, routines and expectations the same over the course of time. This helps the child better understand rules and discipline, and it helps the childs world stay predictable and allows it to be a less confusing situation. Consistency helps children learn to be accountable for their actions. Consistency is extremely important because children need set limits. When a child is allowed to do things and then reprimanded it is confusing to them. These children will push limits of adults while thinking it is okay to do so. Consistency will help the child to understand what is tolerable and what is not. What is acceptable and what is unacceptable. Being fair is only right. Children should be taught that for every action there is a consequence. It is also important for these children to help set the guidelines for what is a consequence. This should be done before the consequence is needed, not the moment of. Positive reinforcement allows for the children to continue to have appropriate actions and become intrinsically motivated to do these actions. Positive reinforcement should be reduced over time otherwise the children will always seek the reinforcement instead of just doing the good deed in itself. With negative behaviour it is important that you always give a reason for when you say no. The child will then know that it is not safe to cross the street because they might get hurt, or it is not safe to stand on the table because they might fall. If a child is given a reason for negative behaviour it is usually understood better and therefore will likely not happen again. And if you must give a child a limit follow through, or it will not work again the next time. The child will then push your limits and try to again get off of the hook. In my opinion quiet time is a perfect time for children to just sit quietly and calm down and it helps you to simply get on with your work with minimum disruption. A child can be taken to quiet time without the whole class knowing and it is most effective when you simply, quietly and calmly walk up to a child and ask them to come to quiet time. Quiet time is not to be confused with the naughty spot or naughty chair. There is a different negative feeling to being on the naughty spot, than there is to having quiet time. The naughty chair implies that the child is naughty, which is of course negative and unhelpful. Quiet time is not about making a child feel bad but an opportunity for a child to be taken out of a disruptive situation and as a consequence for unwanted behaviour. This way you are far more likely to end unwanted behaviour rather than temporarily distracted a child from it. Another good strategy is to acknowledge and praise good behaviour and mature interactions with others, rather than only acknowledging bad behaviour and aggression. Often, a child will engage in bad behaviour, including fighting with others, in order to gain the attention of nearby adults. Only paying attention to negative behaviour reinforces the idea that negative behaviour gets results. Conflict between children and adults or between children can be very distressing. In child care settings conflict is very common for children having trouble with an adult authority. Over the years many behavioural theorists debated whether conflict has a positive or negative impact on child development. Some of them felt that conflict is a natural part of life. Others viewed conflict as a negative occurrence instead of being accepted as part of being human. Research carried out by Dennis, Colwell and Lindsey from the Texas Tech University found that there are gender differences between children identifying areas of conflict. The girls tended to have more conflict with their peers over the things that had been said displaying a child to child conflict, whereas the boys manifested themselves in the form of disobeying the teacher. Research supports work of Vygotsky who find that â€Å"†¦ conflict provides for a learning experience for children when they have correct modelling or â€Å"scaffolding† from adults† (Travick-Smith, 2003,p54). The research showed that there were certainly gender differences, with girls’ conflicts arising from reaction to â€Å"words† and boys’ conflicts with â€Å"actions†. Among the many tasks of early childhood, two stand out: to communicate needs in a respectful way to other children and to listen with respect to the ideas of others. These areas of learning are important to all young children, but especially to those who participate in group settings away from home – preschool and child care programmes, playgroups, or summer camps. With the support of knowledgeable adults, children are able to learn the skills necessary for effective communication within peer groups. As children learn to be together in a group, they will inevitably experience conflict with another child. Many adults find conflict among children frustrating and feel uncertain about how to be helpful. However, when adults are thoughtful and skilled in their approach to classroom conflict, children benefit. Conflict resolution is an important foundation for future growth and learning.   References Department for Education, 2012. Statutory Framework for the Early Years Foundation Stage. Runcorn: Department for Education. Riddall-Leech, S. (2010) Home-Based Childcare, Oxford, Pearson Publ Oxford Heinemann. Statutory Framework for the Early Years Foundation Stage (July 2006) the Child care act 2006. Tassoni, P. Beith, K. Bulman, K. Eldridge, H. (2007) Child Care and Education. Publ. Heinemann.

Compare and Contrast Women in The Yellow Wallpaper and Story of an Hour :: Yellow Wallpaper Story of an Hour

Compare and Contrast Women Characters in The Yellow Wallpaper and Story of an Hour      Ã‚  Ã‚   Women have traditionally been known as the less dominant sex.   Through history women have fought for equal rights and freedom.   They have been stereotyped as being housewives, and bearers and nurturers of the children.   Only recently with the push of the Equal Rights Amendment have women had a strong hold on the workplace alongside men.   Many interesting characters in literature are conceived from the tension women have faced with men.   This tension is derived from men; society, in general; and within a woman herself.   Two interesting short stories, â€Å"The   Yellow Wall-paper and â€Å"The Story of an Hour, â€Å" focus on a woman’s plight near the turn of the 19th century.   This era is especially interesting because it is a time in modern society when women were still treated as second class citizens.   The two main characters in these stories show similarities, but they are also remarkably different in the ways they deal with their problems and life in general.   These two characters will be examined to note the commonalities and differences.   Although the two characters are similar in some ways, it will be shown that the woman in the â€Å"The Story of an Hour† is a stronger character based on the two important criteria of rationality and freedom.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In â€Å"The Yellow Wall-paper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, the unnamed female protagonist is going through a rough time in her life.   (For now on, this paper will refer to this unnamed character as the â€Å"the narrator in ‘Wall-paper,’† short for â€Å"The Yellow Wall-paper.   The narrator is confined to room to a room with strange wall-paper.   This odd wall-paper seems to symbolize the complexity and confusion in her life.   In â€Å"The Story of an Hour† by Kate Chopin, the protagonist, Mrs. Mallard must also deal with conflict as she must deal with the death of her spouse.   At first there is grief, but then there is the recognition that she will be free.   The institute of marriage ties the two heroines of these two short stories together.   Like typical young women of the late 19th century, they were married, and during the course of their lives, they were expected to stay married.   U nlike today where divorce is commonplace, marriage was a very holy bond and divorce was taboo.   This tight bond of marriage caused tension in these two characters.

Fallacy and Mutual-fund Guru Peter

Angel Allen Professor Needle November 25, 2012 Chapter 8 Exercise 2 For each of the following items, write one paragraph identifying the logical flaw. a. The election couldn’t have been fair- I don’t know anyone who voted for the winner. The fact that no one you know voted for the winner does not mean that the election as unfair. –Argument of ignorance a. It would be wrong to prosecute Allied for age discrimination; allied has always been a great corporate neighbor. The fact that allied has always been a great corporate neighbor, it is not wrong to prosecute him for age discrimination if in fact it is true. – Appeal to pity b.The decrease in smoking can be attributed to increased restrictions on smoking in public. Although smoking has decreased you should not conclude that the result of smoking in public restrictions was the cause of the decrease. – Post hoc reasoning c. Bill Jensen’s proposal to create an on-site day-care center is just the latest of his harebrained ideas. The fact that Bill Jensen proposes to create an on-site-day-care center does not mind that the idea is unwise. – Ad hominem argument d. Since the introduction of cola drinks at the start of the twentieth century, cancer has become the second- greatest killer in the United States.Cola drinks should be outlawed. Before reaching valid conclusions, you would have to study a much larger sample to compare causes of cancer and that in fact cola drinks is the cause of cancer. This will be a Hasty Generalization. – Hasty generalization e. If mutual-fund guru Peter Lynch recommends this investment, I think we ought to buy it. Even if mutual-fund guru Peter Lynch recommends this investment, it is not wise to buy it unless you have done your own research. – Argument of authority f. We should not go into the flash-memory market; we have always been a leading manufacturer of DRAM.The fact that you have always been a leading manufacturer of DRA M is not in itself a good reason to retain from the Flash-memory market. – Appeal to pity g. The other two hospitals in the city have implemented computerized patient record keeping; I think we need to do so, too. The fact that the other hospitals implemented computerized patient record keeping is not in itself an argument that we should get one, too. – Ad populum argument h. Our Model X500 didn’t succeed because we failed to sell a sufficient number of units.Before reaching any valid conclusions, you would have try more strategies on selling your Model X500, maybe other factors could’ve been a reason why your sales were not successful. – Oversimplifying i. No research has ever established that Internet businesses can earn money; they will never succeed. The fact that research has never been established that Internet businesses can earn money does not necessarily mean that the Internet business will not succeed. Perhaps the statistics are not yet a vailable. There are Internet businesses that have been out for years I’m sure they are succeeding to be around for so long. – Appeal to pity

What Extent Do You Find The Influence Of Rousseaus Views essays

What Extent Do You Find The Influence Of Rousseaus Views essays Rousseaus ideology can be considered as more or less the foundation of the French Revolution. David (1748 1825) was a neo-classical painter of revolution who took his inspiration from both past and present. Davids painting, therefore, considering the fact that he was the painter of the French Revolution, depicted revolutionist ideas. The call-to-arms of the The Oath of Horatii, to the fall of a hero Marat at his Last Breathe and to the rise of Emperor Napoleon at St. Bernard all these painting have demonstrated the highs and lows of the French Revolution. There is a close link between Rousseaus ideas and the The Oath Of Horatii. It is actually a bombardment to the senses of an individuals particular will against a states general will in many senses. This can be seen in the pictorial space, layout of figures, etc. The following essay tries to demonstrate the extent of Rousseaus philosophy on Davids painting, The Oath Of Horatii. Let us first look at Rousseaus philosophy. Tired of intellectual restrictions of religion and the political constraints of absolutism, Jean-Jacques Rousseau came up with ideologies to counteract them. According to Jean-Jacques Rousseau, a person or institution has authority if they are able to command others to do things. That authority becomes legitimate only if the person, or institution, possesses the right to command others. To be legitimate, the authority that the state has over the people must come from the people themselves, and not from a single entity such as the king. Power that comes from such sources is usually referred to as naked power. In such a scenario, it is doubtful as to whether the people are obeying the state because they ought to, or because they are afraid of the consequences if they do not. There is also no guarantee that in the absence of the state, the p...

Grendels Attack essays

Grendels Attack essays The next morning I was the first warrior that was outside. I went outside to look at the Grendel. It was a beautiful sight to see that monster on his back with my sword in his heart. Thats right it wasnt Beowulfs sword, but mine. Let me start at the beginning. During the attack I was in the middle of all the action. When Grendel first attacked the king was in a panic. The only thing he said was, attack that beast. Kill him. Dont stop fighting until he is as good as dead. So all the warriors including me came rushed out to fight and take down that hideous monster. The fist person I saw when I ran out was Beowulf. He was one of the bravest if not the bravest one fighting. But he couldnt have taken Grendel alone. He couldnt have done it with his fellow warriors. While we all had to do the dirty work only one got the glory, Beowulf. If it werent for me and the other warriors, that help Beowulf, he probably would have died very quickly. In the attack Beowulf had been knocked down and ha d lost his weapon. I happened to be right there to assist him. I helped him up quickly and gave him my weapon, while I went to go and retrieved his. Right then, Beowulf charged at Grendel and stabs him in the heart. The hideous monster fell and blood had started dripping out of his mouth. Beowulf had killed the monster with my sword. Some may think that Beowulf had lead his warriors and killed Grendel. This is yet only half the story. You see if I hadnt been there to assist Beowulf and give him my sword who knows what would have happened. I might have been the one who had brought down the monster! ...

The Concepts of Culture, Minority Groups, Stereotypes and Essay

The Concepts of Culture, Minority Groups, Stereotypes and Discrimination - Essay Example Rapid changes characterize the modern world. With these changes taking place, the business world has been one area where these changes have necessitated new approaches to management. In this case, the business world has witnessed workers from differing backgrounds in terms of gender, race, ethnicity, religious beliefs, and philosophical beliefs come together in the workplace. In some cases, managers are not aware of the inherent differences among their employees. On the other hand, some managers are aware of these differences and try to make use of these differences to the benefit of the organization. This approach is managing diversity in an organization, and it is important for management to find the best approaches to deal with the issues of culture, minority groups, stereotypes, and discrimination in the workplace in order to make sure that the organization benefited from all workers. In this case, an organization should find the best approaches to integrate these concepts in the workplace in order to manage diversity in the workplace. The United Nations High Commission on Human Rights defined cultures as constituting â€Å"differences in academic qualifications, religion, and expressive features of a social group’s traditions and beliefs†. In line with this, it is evident that the contemporary society’s workplace is representative of these people who demonstrate these differences. In an organizational perspective, these different groups enhance the organization’s objectives with their own flavor of cultural background, lifestyle, vision, and fulfillment of challenges†. In effect, it is crucial for an organization to ensure that employees enhanced the organization’s objectives while following a similar approach in order to ensure that the organizational goals were achieved using a common approach. Minority groups are the groups that traditionally lack power in an organization, which include women and members of other ethnic and racial groups that were not dominant in an organization. In line with this, it is crucial to point out that these groups face challenges when integrating themselves in the workplace, which affects their productivity due to the factors that prevent their participation in an organization. Hence, managers should define approaches that ensured their integration in a manner that was efficient and effective. On the other hand, these groups might face challenges to participate in the workplace due to the different stereotypes. In effect, the stereotypes contribute to discrimination in the workplace. In line with this, cultural stereotypes also affect the integration of people from disparate cultures in the workplace. Fiske and Lee identified stereotypes as the â€Å"categorical associations-including traits, behaviors and roles-perceivers make to group members based on their membership†. In effect, these perceptions affect the interaction of workers in the workplace, whi ch effectively affects productivity and profitability in an organization. Hence, effective approaches to managing diversity are essential in ensuring that workers did not allow their perceptions about other workers influence their interaction in the workplace. For example, today’s workplace witnesses more women, who have long been considered a minority group, taking leadership roles in various organizations. In effect, men identified women with stereotypes related to women being sex objects, which limits the ascendancy of women to positions of leadership in organizations and their interaction as equal workers in the same organizations with men. On the other hand, discrimination refers to â€Å"perceiver advantages that advantage one group over another† in the workplace.

The differences between National Income and Gross National Happiness Essay

The differences between National Income and Gross National Happiness - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that Gross Domestic Product is a measure of the level of income yielded by an economy over a stipulated period – generally, this time period varies between one quarter and a complete year depending upon the end period when data is published by the authoritative body. It is actually an estimation of the size of the market underlying the economy on the basis of goods and services sold in it through the specific time span. This is essentially a flow measure that takes into account only productive activities through measures are adopted to avoid double counting; transfer of financial assets between hands is ignored while estimating the same. In other words, only those goods and services produced or sold legibly in the domestic market are included in the GDP measure of an economy. Nevertheless, these productive measures also include activities which ultimately might contribute to the devastation of mankind and almost every form of life on earth. For instance, expenditures incurred as parts of security and safety measures such as those for defense or for scientific research which might create pollution, positively influence economic development of a nation. On the other hand, volunteering tasks that people engage themselves during periods of exigencies are often eliminated from channels towards development primarily because those works are not marketed.... 5-7). Factors leading to environmental degradation are some of the most vital factors which must not be ignored while assessing the quality of human life. One of the most important of such elements is the excessive use of fossil fuels which almost goes hand-in-hand with economic development though such activities could hamper the smooth flow of human life over time. In order to include these factors as a part of index for development, many organisations have suggested the use of complementary indicators which adjust the value of GDP in a nation in terms of environmental and quality of life aspects, which hints towards the significance of Gross National Happiness as a measure of economic development (European Commission, 2010). Two other factors which characterise Gross Domestic Product are that they do not represent the allocation of resources across cross-section. In addition, the components underlying GDP do not include most of the factors used by an average individual, which is wh y it cannot be regarded as a measure of social welfare (Naess & Rothenberg, 1990, p. 112). In fact, a rise in income need not reflect a betterment in the standard of living as had been empirically found in many researches. An eminent one out of them considers the time-series of happiness in relation to an enhancement in the economic growth rates in Japan when it was recuperating from the shocks of World War II. Between 1958 and 1987, real per capita income of Japan was raised five times that was reflected through an increased production of consumer durable goods, though no considerable change in the average level of subjective well-being in the nation (Easterlin, 1994, p. 38-40). Gross National

End of Course Assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

End of Course Assessment - Essay Example Evidence about this is available to us both through Roman literature and what we know about how Roman villas were constructed. Although some of this evidence might be questionable, it can still give us important clues into how Roman villa-owners spent their leisure time, which can in turn show us the different ideas about the value and purpose of leisure in ancient Rome and how they continued to affect society long into modern times. Two philosophers who had important ideas about what leisure meant, how to use it, and who should have it were Aristotle and Epicurus. Aristotle was probably Plato’s most famous student of philosophy, who went on to become a philosopher in his own right. Two of Aristotle’s works which deal with questions of leisure are â€Å"the Politics and the Nichomachean Ethics† (Price 2008, p11). In these two works, Aristotle tries to answer questions about leisure that ultimately lead him to ask â€Å"a rather different question: what is it to be an excellent human being?† (Price 2008, p13). The reason Aristotle was interested in this question is because he had somewhat unusual views about leisure. He believed that â€Å"leisure and well-being are intimately connected: living well involves having plenty of leisure, and using it in the best possible way† (Price 2008, p12). Today, most people would probably say that leisure was just what you do after you’re finished working, but Aristotle did not agree with that either. When he talked about leisure, he did not mean just lying around and relaxing, doing nothing. Instead, he used it to mean â€Å"the pursuit of activities that we value for their own sake† (Price 2008, p12). More importantly, Aristotle did not just mean any activity at all. Instead, he wanted the activities to be those which made excellent human beings. So for Aristotle, leisure was pursuing excellence for its own sake, instead of for some other purpose. Of course, being a privileged philosopher, he

Romance and romantic medievalism Essay Example for Free

Romance and romantic medievalism Essay John Keats poem, La Belle Dame Sans Merci, presents a knight on his horse who meets a fairy lady but develops this clichi scenario into an exploration of the relationship between, the presumed male superiority and female innocence. It is a ballad that evokes medieval times. However, if one is expecting a stereotypical glorification of these, Keats rather has an interestingly critical approach to the archetypes of medieval romance and romantic medievalism. The identity of the titular female character is kept a mystery. We only know about her through the males interpretation of her. An essential point in this poem since it leads to the implicit meaning by the author. La Belle Sans Merci is a perfect example of how well-worn aspects as love such as sexual desire and unknown identity can be used to present a striking theme in a simple manner. These aspects are combined in a medieval set. The medieval setting is reinforced for the reader through the poems form. It is a ballad, which is full of fittingly old-fashioned diction and syntax. By his antiquated expression and his hypnotically monotone quadrametre, Keats achieves a mysterious and gloomy atmosphere with the first couple of stanzas of the poem. O what can ail thee, knight-at-arms, So haggard and so woebegone? (L. 5-6) To use Keatss own words, the mood is woebegone. This clearly reflects the knights emotions as the unknown individual, whose voice opens the poem, asks him about his problems. This is clear evidence that the whole poem is actually a dialogue between the knight and an unknown character possibly identifiable with the poet. The first two stanzas start with a question a clear indication of antiphonal or dialogic style being employed. O what can ail thee, knight-at-arms, Alone and palely loitering? (L. 1-2) This unknown character is the speaker in the first three whole stanzas, after which the knight begins to tell of his surreal experience with this fairy. At this point, one could argue that it starts to get interesting. The keywords throughout the next five stanzas are presumed control, power, desire and superiority. Obviously the knight is somehow intrigued by this fairy. In what way, remains ambiguous in keeping with Keatss poetic style. Nevertheless, no doubt is left when one examines the diction that the knight has a distinct sexual desire for her: She lookd at me as she did love, And made sweet moan. (L. 19-20) The knight interprets her sweet moan as sexual and romantic interest even though he has no reason whatsoever to believe that the fairy is essentially interested: And sure in language strange she said I love thee true! (L. 27-28) It is rather his own presumption that makes him imagine this. Thus a still more surreal dream scenario arises within an already surreal world of fairies etc. This way of thinking leads the knight into a form of blind obsession. It is this ecstasy that leads him to his misery. From stanza five where he makes a garland and bracelets for the fairy until stanza eight where she takes him to her elfin grot, he presents himself is in charge of virtually everything. I set her on my pacing steed, (L. 21) She found me roots of relish sweet (L. 25) These are clear examples that indicate that either the knight acts upon the fairy or the fairy acts for him in keeping with conservative sexual roles. It can be assumed that this situation suits him since he nothing else saw all day long. The knight does not hesitate to convey his emotions nor is he the mysterious part in this poem. But loss of control appears in stanza eight when the knight enters onto the fairys territory. Certainly he goes to her home and he may go further than that: She took me to her elfin grot, And there she wept and sighd full sore, (L. 29-30) The subject of the sentences changes; now it is the fairy that acts and the knight becomes a passive character in the poem. This should be considered as the moment when the knights misery commences. Another, yet stronger example of this is found in the next stanza, And there she lulled me asleep, (L. 33). This line is attention-grabbing since it is not only the start of the knights misery, but can also be seen in the context of the male losing out in the battle between sexes. Suddenly the feminine character gets the upper hand in a poem set in the middle ages and written at the beginning of the 19th century. The clichi -like knight on pacing steed strong, handsome and should win over every lady that he desires. Instead he is utterly unmanned by the extremely sexy feminine fantasy character, whose identity remains a mystery throughout the poem, while his psyche is bared. The mysterious identity of the fairy and the ambiguity as to whether she did anything at all to the knight other than leave him is central to Keats message. If we knew more about her, it would no longer be a mystery to the reader whether she did entrance him or whether he has just fantasized all those Pale warriors, Death pale were they all; They cried La Belle dame sans Merci, Hath thee in thrall! Assuming the fairy was human, she could most probably speak and not only make sweet moan. Just one statement from the fairy could lead to a clarification of the real causes of knights apparently miserable situation and that would kill the point of the poem. In conclusion, Keats succeeds in revitalizing the medieval ballad form and romance themes by inverting their clichi s. He thereby succeeds to a high degree in questioning male assumptions of sexual dominance and the reader is left with a lot to think about after reading the poem.

The Significance of Women in Chaucers The Cantebury Tales Essay

The Significance of Women in Chaucer's The Cantebury Tales      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In Geoffrey Chaucer's The Cantebury Tales, many stories are told leading to a wide range of topics.   One particular and significant topic Chaucer touches on many times is the role of women.   In stories such as The Millers Tale, The Knight's Tale, and the Wife of Bath's Tale the women of each story are portrayed extremely different.   Alisoun, Emelye, and the wife of Bath, each exemplify three dissimilar ways in which women love.   The way Chaucer describes each of these characters is dependent on the out come of each particular story.   Chaucer is careful with his word choice and figurative language with each woman, enabling the reader to get a very visual and sometimes humorous picture.    Since the Miller's Tale is a parody of the Knight's Tale there is great wit when it comes to the role that Alisoun plays. Emelye on the other hand, is constructed in a more serious and respectful way. Emelye of the Knight's Tale has two men madly in love with her- Arcite and Palamon.   These two men are imprisoned for life and can only imagine the idea of loving and having Emelye as a wife.   Palamon upon seeing Emelye cries, "Into myn herte, that wol my bane ./ The fairnese of that lady that I see / Yond in the gardyn romen to and fro / Is cause of al my criying and my wo. / I noot where she be woman or goddesse. . . (1097-1101). His statement of love is so profound that Palamon is not even sure if Emelye is a woman or a goddess, but is sure of her "fairness" and beauty. Arcite also loves Emelye and ridicules Palamon's thoughts about Emelye being a goddess, he states,   "Though woost nat yet now / Wheiter she be a womman or goddesse"(1156-1157).   When Arcite falls in... ...e and foolish people can act while in love; this is something that many stories try to teach their readers.   Finally, somehow, Chaucer may have been reaching out to women with The Wife of Bath's Tale, although some believe she is used as an anti-feminist tool, perhaps Chaucer's point was to have that woman teach other women the positives of being in control.   No matter what message these women bring, Chaucer clearly appreciates their importance not only to his readers, but also to his tales. Works Cited Brown, Peter.   Chaucer at Work:   The Making of the Cantebury Tales. New York: Longman Group, 1994. Cooper, Helen.   The Structure of The Cantebury Tales. Athens: The University Of Georgia Press, 1984. Pursell, Willene van Loenen.   Love and Marriage in Three English Authors: Chaucer, Milton, and Eliot.   Stanford: Leland Stanford Junior University, 1963.

What Kind of Person Is an Overambitious Parent

What kind of person is an overambitious parent Each and every person on this planet has some goals, ambitions, dreams. We all have this picture in our minds of how our life is supposed to be and we do everything we can to make it real. But a wise man once said that while we're making plans, God is laughing. Not achieving the life you yearn often leads to negative emotions and depression. Some people learn to let go of their dreams and set new targets. Others never quite get over their failure and always seek ways to see their goal accomplished. Often, these people become overambitious parents.I have been a witness of what having an overambitious parent is like. One of my closest friends mother had always been very goal-oriented, but unfortunately fate had other plans for her. As a result, she tried to force her dreams on her two kids. She always pushed them to the limit, expecting them to excel in all areas of life. She rarely left them time (to)relax and have (maybe you can put free time for themselves) time for themselves. She expected only the best from them and when they didn't manage to live up to her high standards, things always ended up with screaming and sobbing from both sides.Her way of â€Å"stimulating† them was to bring them down, telling them some pretty harsh words and constantly nagging. What she failed to grasp was that her kids were different from her, with different view of the world, their own opinion and ambitions. Their deepest yearnings weren't the same as hers. In the end, all she wanted was to see them successful and fulfilled, but she couldn't fully understand what was best for them and chose the wrong approach. What this type of parents fail to see is that they're driving their kids away from home and are, sometimes, the cause of depression. Ambition is good, but there are borders to everything.We are all different, our destinies are different and no one should force us to choose another way in life. After all, we only get one chance in life. I give you and F+ because you said it’s a bad essay and mislead me into thinking that it’s actually going to be bad. Actually it’s a pretty good read and I don’t see any need to correct anything more or less. Vicky What kind of person is an overambitious parent Each and every person on this planet has some goals, ambitions, dreams. We all have this picture in our minds of how our life is supposed to be and we do everything we can to make it real.But a wise man once said that while we're making plans, God is laughing. Not achieving the life you yearn often leads to negative emotions and depression. Some people learn to let go of their dreams and set new targets. Others never quite get over their failure and always seek ways to see their goal accomplished. Often, these people become overambitious parents. I have been a witness of what having an overambitious parent is like. One of my closest friends mother had always been very goal-oriented , but unfortunately fate had other plans for her. As a result, she tried to force her dreams on her two kids.She always pushed them to the limit, expecting them to excel in all areas of life. She rarely left them time to relax and have free time for themselves. She expected only the best from them and when they didn't manage to live up to her high standards, things always ended up with screaming and sobbing from both sides. Her way of â€Å"stimulating† them was to bring them down, telling them some pretty harsh words and constantly nagging. What she failed to grasp was that her kids were different from her, with different view of the world, their own opinion and ambitions.Their deepest yearnings weren't the same as hers. In the end, all she wanted was to see them successful and fulfilled, but she couldn't fully understand what was best for them and chose the wrong approach. What this type of parents fail to see is that they're driving their kids away from home and are, somet imes, the cause of depression. Ambition is good, but there are borders to everything. We are all different, our destinies are different and no one should force us to choose another way in life. After all, we only get one chance in life.

Beauty: Beheld in the Eyes of Society Essay

There is an old saying that â€Å"beauty is in the eye of the beholder.† However, there are definite social concepts of physical beauty. Most of the time, people associate beauty with something that is seen, instead of tasted, or smelt. Therefore, a more precise definition of beauty would sound like, beauty is the quality or set of qualities that give pleasure to eyesight. Many things may not be as beautiful to one person as they are to someone else; people have many different outlooks on what beauty really is. Females in particular have historically faced pressure to conform to a particular standard of beauty. The media presents society with unrealistic body types promoting people, especially women, to look like them. The desire to be beautiful has received more attention by blinding the public with images of the â€Å"beautiful people.† The extent of the message the media portrays to our society is more harmful than beneficial to the average person. Many people will s ay that â€Å"beauty is in the eye of the beholder,† however society has a great impact on today’s standards of beauty. Beauty is a collectively undecided conception, which implies that each individual may interpret the idea of beauty based on his/her own biased opinion. Humans appreciate beauty in many different ways. Some consider beauty to be seen through nature, others may see beauty in the ancient Grecian statue of the Venus De Milo. Someone, or something, that one finds beautiful another person may not. Beauty is something subjective. It has various meanings to different people because no one person is the same and their standards and tastes differ as well. In her essay Perceptions of Female Beauty in the 20th Century, Louise Wood references the great German philosopher Immanuel Kant by saying; â€Å"the judgment of beauty is different from cognitive or moral judgment because it is affected subjectively, that is, exclusively in reference to the person making the judgment. For a judgment to be truly â€Å"aesthetic†, rather than merely idiosyncratic, the person making the judgment must be adamant that their opinion be consensus.† In simpler terms, Wood is saying that, one’s perception of beauty is different from their mental or moral perception because, it is based on emotion instead of reasoning. This statement is what has lead to the many different interpretations of what true beauty is. Since there are many conflicting views, the true meaning of it has been lost and therefore skewed by the opinions of others, and in some cases for the worse. Cultural standards have led to perceptions of beauty or the lack of beauty for as long as the human race has existed. Culture is defined simply as a way of life, or how people do things such as, how they eat, celebrate festivities, their behavior, their attitudes, moral values, and religion. People will tend to look at their own natives in their culture as beautiful because their notion of beauty may be different than another culture’s perception of what is beautiful. In some African countries, a big body and big buttocks would be considered beautiful for women. In western countries however, there is a tendency for women to starve themselves to comply with the misconception that being extremely thin or slim is beautiful. Many people might share the opinion that the standard idea of beauty includes being tall, thin, and light skinned, but this mindset might not fit everyone’s standard of beauty. Paul Ford states in his article Beauty in Different Cultures that: In Nigeria, women are encouraged to be more full-figured as it demonstrates fertility and the ability to carry and birth many babies. In some Southeast Asian cultures, wherein war resulted in a lack of food, a more full-figured woman demonstrates a higher social status. Being thicker in frame can boast of being well fed and healthy. In these ways, beauty implies superiority and cultural status. However, standards of beauty depend upon the social conditions of the times in which one lives. Still, different cultural groups think, feel, and act differently. There is no right or wrong standard for considering one group’s idea of beauty to be superior or inferior to another. Either way, the essence of beauty is pervasive throughout the many distinct communities around the world. The majority of this eras perception of beauty is spread throughout the media. Since the beginning of â€Å"The Age of Media† media has both empowered and limited woman. The media constantly alters how individuals view themselves and others. In the Social Psychology Quarterly volume 62 it states, â€Å"With their power to frame, define, and neglect aspects of the social world, the mass media are a principal social and cultural institution† (Milkie 191). It has been proven that media images do have a powerful effect on young women today, due to the extensive reinforcement on our everyday lives. Milkie states in her article that; â€Å"The central position of the media in everyday life ensures that symbols distributed through the media become points of focus and interaction in the population† (191). Television, magazines, and advertisements are the most common medium for which these standards are displayed. A person cannot escape these magazine covers, constant adv ertisements, or the entire entertainment industry in general. All aspects of the entertainment industry overwhelm today’s society and are highly responsible for its changing perceptions and trends. Images of female bodies are everywhere. Women and their body parts sell everything from food to cars. Popular film and television actresses are becoming younger, taller and thinner. These media outlets are all setting standards of beauty that are not only unrealistic but could prove to be dangerous in an effort to be attained. In Frank Biocca and Philip Meyer’s article in the Journal of Communication, they listed that â€Å"When Glamour magazine surveyed its readers in 1984, 75% felt too heavy and only 15% felt just right. Nearly half of those who were underweight reported feeling too fat and wanting to diet. Among a sample of college women, 40% felt overweight, while only 12% were actually too heavy† (125). This article also reported that women’s magazines have ten and one-half times more ads and articles promoting weight loss than men’s magazines do, and over three-quarters of the covers of women’s magazines include at least one message about how to change a woman’s bodily appearance by diet, exercise or cosmetic surgery (125). While television can be said to reflect the standard of beauty for women, it seems to portray them in a light of approval or disapproval, positive or negative, that affect women’s views on how they should look. It is clear that throughout history, the role that society plays has had a great impact on what is considered beautiful. Although physical beauty is unquestionably important in the minds of today’s society, more people are willing to embrace it in many different forms. Today’s â€Å"Pretty Woman† is gradually stepping away from the mannequins with sex appeal and glamorous movie legends that are shown worldwide. Today’s beauty represents a new breed. Though the criterion of what is considered beautiful has come a long way some still feel that the standards of beauty remain subjective. Because of this, no one person’s perception of beauty is considered superior or inferior, right or wrong. However, as long as society’s standards continue to play a significant part in American culture society will always have a great impact on what one deems as beautiful. Works Cited Biocca, Frank A., and Philip N. Meyers Jr. â€Å"Journal of Communication.† The Elastic Body Image: The Effect of Television Advertising and Programming on Body Image Distortions in Young Women 42.3 (1992): 108-33. Print. Ford, Paul. â€Å"Beauty in Different Cultures.† N.p., 22 July 2009. Web. 16 Apr. 2012. . Milkie, Melissa A. â€Å"Social Comparisons, Reflected Appraisals, and Mass Media: The Impact of Pervasive Beauty Images on Black and White Girls’ Self-Concepts.† Social Psychology Quarterly 62.2 (1999): 190-210. Print. Wood, Louise. â€Å"Perceptions Of Female Beauty In The 20th Century.† Home Page. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2012. .